BDO CAS 110-63-4: Difference Between GBL

1. What’s 1,4-Butanediol CAS 110-63-4?

1,4-Butanediol (BDO) is a non-corrosive, colourless, high boiling liquid with a low order of toxicity.

1,4-Butanediol(BDO) is completely soluble in water, most alcohols, esters, ketones, glycol ethers and acetates, but maybe immiscible or partially miscible in common aliphatic and aromatic/chlorinated hydrocarbons.

1,4-Butanediol(BDO) is produced by Lyondell Chemical Company in a proprietary, multi-step reaction from propylene oxide.

1,4-Butanediol(BDO) is a versatile chemical intermediate because of its terminal, primary hydroxyl groups and its hydrophobic and chemical resistant nature. Polymers produced upon reaction with diacids or diisocyanates are the basis for many commercial polyurethane and polyester applications

2. How does 1,4-Butanediol work?

1,4-Butanediol(BDO) is converted to gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) in the body. GHB slows down the brain, which can cause loss of consciousness along with the dangerous slowing of breathing and other vital functions. It also stimulates the growth hormone secretion.

Neurotoxicity

In multiple studies, GHB has been found to impair spatial memory, working memory, learning and memory in rats with chronic administration. These effects are associated with decreased NMDA receptor expression in the cerebral cortex and possibly other areas as well. One study found that repeated administration of GHB to rats for 15 days drastically reduced the number of neurons and non-neuronal cells within the hippocampus and the prefrontal cortex. With doses of 10 mg/kg of GHB, they were decreased by 61% in the hippocampus region and 32% in the prefrontal cortex, and with 100 mg/kg, they were decreased by 38% and 9%, respectively. This paper demonstrates contradicting effects on neuronal loss, with lower doses (10 mg/kg) producing the most neurotoxicity, and higher doses (100 mg/kg) producing less.

Tolerance and addiction potential

1,4-Butanediol(BDO)/GHB is moderately physically and psychologically addictive. The frequent use of GHB/1,4-Butanediol can cause withdrawal symptoms similar to those caused by other depressants such as alcohol and benzodiazepines.

if abruptly discontinued. These symptoms seem to depend on the dosage and the length of time the drug was used. Light to moderate users often experience anxiety, insomnia, sleep-related problems, and tremors whereas heavy use can cause severe withdrawal symptoms like delirium, psychosis, and hallucinations

Although there have been reported fatalities due to 1,4-Butanediol(BDO)/GHB withdrawal, reports are inconclusive and further research is needed

Tolerance will develop to the sedative-hypnotic effects within several weeks of continuous use. After cessation, the tolerance returns to baseline in 7 – 14 days. Withdrawal symptoms or rebound symptoms may occur after ceasing usage abruptly following a few weeks or longer of steady dosing and may necessitate a gradual dose reduction.

3. What’s 1,4-Butanediol used for?

As an important organic and fine chemical raw material, 1,4-butanediol is widely used in the fields of medicine, chemical industry, textile, papermaking, automobile and daily chemical industry. 1,4-butanediol application as below：

Thermoplastic Polyesters

BDO is used to manufacture polybutylene terephthalate (PBT). PBT’s high strength, excellent thermal stability and good durability lead to its many uses in the automotive, electrical and appliance industries. PBT is also compatible with several other thermoplastics which enables a compounder to tailor a polymer alloy to an end user’s specifications. BDO is a key component of thermoplastic copolyester elastomers. These elastomers rely upon BDO to provide crystallinity which in turn provides elasticity and resilience to these terephthalate-based polyesters.

Polyesters

In polyurethane applications, BDO is primarily used as a component of polyesters or as a chain extender. For example, polyesters such as poly (butylene adipate) diols are formulated into urethane elastomers with excellent oil, chemical and UV resistance. In addition, these materials have good mechanical properties over a broad temperature range, as well as good flex and abrasion resistance.

As a chain extender with MDI systems, BDO provides a good balance between hardness and low-temperature flexibility. In comparison to other diols, BDO combines the best attributes of hydroxyl reactivity, linearity and overall system compatibility to build in the proper crystallinity required in the polyurethane hard segment. Also, the BDO/MDI systems provide a lower exposure hazard than MOCA/TDI systems.

BDO is used as a chain extender for thermoplastic urethane elastomers. BDO yields crystalline urethane domains which readily melt and flow at elevated temperatures but phase separate at ambient temperatures in order to yield tough elastomeric networks.

Cast urethane elastomers continue to be a major end-use of BDO because of overall consistency and reliability.

Current applications of BDO-based urethane elastomers include automotive front and rear end fascia, bumpers, fenders and spoilers. Non-automotive applications include footwear, electrical enclosures, recreation equipment, appliances and furniture.

Urethane RIM elastomers using BDO allow design freedom and parts consolidation with large, complex shapes.

Polyester Plasticizers

BDO-based polyester plasticizers impart superior compatibility with vinyl polymers while providing non-migrating characteristics. In addition, polyesters based upon BDO have excellent oxidation resistance and good low-temperature flexibility.

Copolyester Hot Melt and Solvent-borne Adhesives

BDO became a key component of copolyesters of isophthalic acid and terephthalic acid used in hot melt adhesive applications. BDO yields polyesters with excellent adhesives and cohesive strength.

Derivatives

BDO is also the key raw material of several industrially important derivatives, 1,4-Butanediol is used industrially as a solvent and in the manufacture of some types of plastics, elastic fibres and polyurethanes. particularly tetrahydrofuran, γ-butyrolactone (GBL), and N-methyl pyrrolidone. 

4. What’s the difference between GHB and BDO?

Once ingested, GBL and BDO metabolize into GHB and have similar clinical effects.

But unlike GHB, both chemicals have widespread use in industrial manufacturing. It prevents them from being regulated as controlled substances

5. Where to buy 1,4-Butanediol(BDO)?

1,4-Butanediol is also named organic intermediate CAS 110-63-4,14 bdo, bdo liquid.BDO is most popular in Canada, the USA, Europe and Australia, It is available online from different China manufacturers. Most users of bdo buy from different websites, some for retail or wholesale purposes.

Verify the legitimacy of every BDO manufacturer using outlined state laws before purchase.

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